Started with replacing the "Electronic Surface Element Control- Rotary Human Interface Board" (Part Number: AP4454175) or "Control assembly" on this website, and that didn't fix the problem.
Then I replaced the "Electronic Surface Element Control- User Interface Board" (Part Number: AP4455866) or "Board" on this website, and that fixed it.
I have no experience with fixing appliances, so it took me about 30-45 minutes to figure out how to get to it and replace it. But I'm glad I did, for a couple hundred dollars I was able to fix the problem, and not have to buy a new slide in-range for a couple thousand.