Refrigerator freezer not freezing: Common Causes & How to Fix

Repair Instructions:

The condenser fan pulls air through the condenser coils to cool the refrigerant after compression. If it malfunctions, cooling is impaired. Check the fan blade spins freely without obstructions. Manually rotate to verify smooth blade movement. Use a multimeter to test the motor windings for continuity if the fan doesn't run. Replace the motor if there is no continuity. This indicates an internal open circuit. Proper condenser fan operation maintains the cooling system's efficiency by actively cooling the hot compressed refrigerant. Obstructions, seized bearings or burnt out windings will disable the fan.

How to Replace a Refrigerator Condenser Fan Motor

1. Unplug the refrigerator. Turn off power to avoid electric shock.

2. Remove access panel. On the back of the fridge, unscrew and remove the thin metal panel covering the condenser coil and fan.
3. Detach fan blade. Remove the screws or clips holding the fan blade to the motor shaft and set the blade aside.
4. Disconnect wires. Unplug the condenser fan motor's electrical connector or detach the individual wires. Make note of where each wire was connected.
5. Remove mounting screws. Unscrew any brackets or screws securing the old motor in place. Lift out the old motor.
6. Install new motor. Position the replacement motor and screw it securely in place. Reconnect the wiring according to your notes.
7. Reattach fan blade. Place the blade back onto the new motor's shaft and fasten with the screws or clips.
8. Replace access panel. Screw the thin metal panel back onto the rear of the refrigerator.
9. Restore power. Plug in the fridge and confirm the condenser fan is running when the compressor activates.
10. Discard old motor. Recycle the old condenser fan motor according to local guidelines.

Repair Instructions:

The evaporator fan motor draws air over the evaporator (cooling) coils and circulates it throughout the refrigerator and freezer compartments. Some refrigerators have more than one evaporator fan motor. On refrigerators with two evaporators, there will be an evaporator located in both the freezer and refrigerator compartments. If the evaporator fan is not working, it will not circulate the cold air in the compartment. If this occurs, the refrigerator may still get cold, while the freezer will not get cold or vice versa. To determine if the evaporator fan motor is defective, try turning the fan blade by hand. If the fan blade does not turn freely, replace the fan motor. Additionally, if the motor is unusually noisy, replace it. Finally, if the motor does not run at all, use a multimeter to test the motor windings for continuity. If the windings do not have continuity, replace the evaporator fan motor

How to Replace a Refrigerator Evaporator Fan Motor

1. Open the refrigerator and freezer doors. Remove any items, shelves, or drawers that obstruct access to the back wall of the freezer compartment.

2. Remove the freezer back panel. Locate the screws holding the back panel in place. Use the screwdriver or nut driver to remove these screws. Carefully pull the back panel away to expose the fan motor.
3. Disconnect Wiring. Identify the wiring connected to the fan motor. Gently disconnect the wires from the motor, taking note of their placement.
4. Unscrew the Motor. Using the appropriate tool, carefully remove any screws securing the fan motor to the bracket or housing.
5. Remove the Fan Blade. If the fan blade is attached to the old motor, carefully remove it.
6. Install the New Fan Motor. Position the new fan motor in the same location as the old one. Secure it in place with the screws you removed. If the fan blade was removed, attach it to the new motor.
7. Reconnect Wiring. Reconnect the wires to the new fan motor, ensuring they are correctly matched with their respective terminals.
8. Replace the Freezer Back Panel. Carefully position the back panel and secure it by reinserting and tightening the screws.
9. Reassemble the Freezer Compartment. Reinstall any shelves, drawers, and items you removed to access the fan motor.
10. Plug in the refrigerator. Check for proper functioning by feeling for airflow or listening for the fan running.

Repair Instructions:

The inverter board regulates power to the compressor while the main control board oversees temperatures and signals the inverter accordingly. Together they maintain even cooling by varying compressor speed as needed. The main board monitors thermometers in the refrigerator and freezer sections. It interprets temperature changes over time and signals the inverter to increase or decrease compressor speed.

How to Replace a Refrigerator Inverter Board

1. Unplug the Refrigerator. Unplug the refrigerator from the electrical outlet to ensure your safety while working on the appliance.

2. Locate the Inverter Board. Find the current inverter board, which is often located near the compressor at the back of the refrigerator. The inverter board is a small electronic component connected to the compressor.
3. Document Wiring Connections. Take photographs or make a note of the wiring connections on the old inverter board for reconnecting the wires to the new inverter board.
4. Disconnect Wiring. Carefully disconnect the wires and connectors from the old inverter board.
5. Remove the Old Inverter Board. You may need to remove screws, clips, or brackets securing the old inverter board in place. Carefully remove these components to access the inverter board.
6. Install the New Inverter Board. Position the new inverter board in the same location as the old one and secure it with screws, clips, or brackets.
7. Reconnect Wiring. Reattach the wires and connectors to the corresponding terminals on the new inverter board.
8. Secure Any Clips or Mounting Hardware. If there are any clips, mounting brackets, or fasteners that held the old inverter board in place, secure them to the new inverter board to ensure it remains stable.
9. Plug in the Refrigerator. After securely connecting the wiring and installing the new inverter board, plug the refrigerator back in or turn it on.
10. Test the Inverter Board. Allow the refrigerator to run for a while. Monitor the inverter board's functionality to ensure it correctly regulates the compressor's speed and operation.

Repair Instructions:

The refrigerator start relay is an electrical component that provides power to the compressor and condenser fan. When this relay becomes faulty, it will fail to send voltage to the compressor, preventing it from turning on and cooling the refrigerator. Without the compressor running, refrigerant will not circulate through the system to remove heat from the interior of the freezer compartment. This will lead to the gradual warming of the freezer section and an inability to maintain freezing temperatures. The start relay is commonly found near the compressor and will need to be tested and possibly replaced.

How to Replace a Refrigerator Start Relay

1. Unplug the Refrigerator. Begin by ensuring the refrigerator is unplugged to guarantee your safety while working on the appliance.

2. Locate the Start Relay. Find the current start relay, which is typically located near the compressor at the back of the refrigerator. The relay is a small, cylindrical or rectangular component connected to the compressor.
3. Identify Wiring Connections. Take note of the wiring connections on the old start relay. There are usually two or three wires attached. These wires are typically color-coded or labeled.
4. Disconnect Wiring. Carefully disconnect the wires from the old start relay. You can use needle-nose pliers to gently remove any wire connectors.
5. Remove the Old Start Relay. To remove the old start relay, gently pull it out from its socket on the compressor. Be cautious not to damage any other components during this process.
6. Install the New Start Relay. Position the new start relay in the same socket on the compressor where the old relay was located. Ensure it's securely fitted.
7. Reconnect Wiring. Reattach the wires to the corresponding terminals on the new start relay. If the wires were originally connected to a capacitor, make sure to reconnect them to the correct terminals on the new relay.
8. Secure Any Clips or Mounting Hardware. If there are any clips, mounting brackets, or fasteners that held the old start relay in place, secure them to the new relay to ensure it remains stable.
9. Plug in the Refrigerator. Plug the refrigerator back in. Verify that the refrigerator maintains the desired temperature and that there are no issues with temperature fluctuations or cooling.

Repair Instructions:

The refrigerator start device is a component that assists in starting the compressor. It does this by providing a boost of power to the compressor motor during startup. Over time, the start device can become worn out or defective. When this occurs, the start device will fail to provide the extra power needed to initially get the compressor running. Without the compressor activating, the refrigeration system cannot circulate refrigerant and remove heat from the freezer compartment. This lack of cooling action allows freezer temperatures to gradually rise above freezing.

How to Replace Refrigerator Start Device

1. Safety Precautions:

   • Begin by unplugging the refrigerator to ensure your safety throughout the replacement process.
   • Remove all items from the refrigerator and clear any obstacles that may hinder access to the start device.

2. Locate the Start Device:

   • Consult the user manual or search online to identify the precise location of the start device in your specific refrigerator model.
   • Typically, it is positioned at the back of the refrigerator, near the compressor.

3. Disconnect the Refrigerator:

   • Disconnect the refrigerator from the power source and, if applicable, from the water supply or any other connected components.

4. Remove the Old Start Device:

   • Locate the start device and carefully detach it from the compressor, ensuring no damage occurs to the surrounding components.

5. Install the New Start Device:

   • Align the new start device with the compressor and securely attach it, ensuring a proper fit.
   • Make sure all connecting wires and components are correctly fastened.

6. Reconnect the Refrigerator:

   • Reconnect the refrigerator to the power source and any other previously disconnected components.
   • Double-check all connections to ensure they are secure and properly fastened.

7. Test the Refrigerator:

   • Plug the refrigerator back in and monitor its performance over the next few hours.
   • Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations that may indicate a problem with the installation.

8. Final Check:

   • Double-check all connections and ensure the start device is functioning correctly.
   • Verify that the refrigerator is cooling as expected and that the replacement has resolved any previous issues.

Always refer to the specific user manual for your refrigerator model and consider seeking professional assistance if you are uncertain about the replacement process.

Repair Instructions:

The thermistor monitors freezer temperature and relays readings to the control board. Based on thermistor input, the board regulates the compressor and evaporator fan to maintain proper cooling. If the thermistor malfunctions, the freezer may not stay cold enough. Test the thermistor using a multimeter to check if resistance changes correspondingly with temperature. Lack of variance indicates a defective thermistor needing replacement.

How to Replace Refrigerator Thermistor

1. Prepare the Refrigerator:

   • Safely unplug the refrigerator to prevent any electrical accidents during the replacement process.
   • Empty the contents of the refrigerator and, if necessary, remove any storage shelves or drawers that might obstruct access to the thermistor.

2. Locate the Thermistor:

   • Refer to the user manual or search online for the precise location of the thermistor in your refrigerator model.
   • Typically, it is situated near the cooling coils, often behind the rear panel inside the refrigerator compartment.

3. Remove the Panel Cover:

   • Using a suitable screwdriver, carefully unscrew the panel cover to expose the thermistor and other internal components.
   • Keep track of the screws and store them in a secure location to prevent misplacement.

4. Disconnect the Old Thermistor:

   • Identify the thermistor and locate its connection point.
   • Gently detach the thermistor by either sliding off the connectors or using a pair of pliers, depending on the type of connection.

5. Install the New Thermistor:

   • Secure the new thermistor in the designated location, ensuring it is properly positioned and fixed.
   • Reconnect the wires to the corresponding terminals by firmly pressing them into place.

6. Replace the Panel Cover:

   • Reattach the panel cover by aligning it with the designated slots and securely tightening the screws.
   • Ensure that the cover is firmly in place and properly sealed to prevent any potential issues.

7. Restore Power and Test:

   • Plug the refrigerator back into the power source.
   • Set the refrigerator to the recommended temperature and monitor its performance over the next few hours.
   • Ensure that the thermistor is accurately measuring the temperature and that the refrigerator is cooling as expected.

8. Clean Up:

   • Dispose of any packaging from the new thermistor and return the refrigerator's contents to their original positions.
   • Wipe down the area to remove any dust or debris that may have accumulated during the replacement process.

9. Final Check:

   • Double-check all connections and ensure that the panel cover is securely fastened.
   • Confirm that the refrigerator is functioning smoothly and that the new thermistor replacement has resolved any previous temperature regulation issues.

Always consult the specific user manual for your refrigerator model and consider seeking professional assistance if you are uncertain about the replacement process.

Repair Instructions:

The temperature control thermostat is responsible for regulating the internal temperature of the refrigerator and freezer compartments. It senses the air temperature and signals the compressor and fan motors when cooling is needed to maintain the set temperature. If the thermostat malfunctions and fails to call for cooling when the freezer temperature rises above the set point, the freezer will be unable to maintain freezing temperatures. A defective thermostat may get stuck in the off position, preventing the compressor from turning on to produce cold air. Or the thermostat may fail to sense temperature changes accurately, allowing the freezer temperature to creep up over time without triggering the proper cooling cycles.

How to Replace a Refrigerator Temperature Control Thermostat

1. Unplug the Refrigerator. Unplug the refrigerator from the electrical outlet to ensure your safety while working on the appliance.

2. Locate the Thermostat. Find the existing temperature control thermostat. It's often situated in the refrigerator's control panel, typically found in the upper section of the refrigerator compartment.
3. Disconnect Power to the Control Panel. In some cases, you may need to remove the control panel cover or housing to access the thermostat. Depending on your refrigerator model, this might involve removing screws or clips to detach the cover.
4. Note Wiring Connections. Take photographs or make a note of the wiring connections on the old thermosta for reconnecting the wires to the new thermostat.
5. Disconnect Wiring. Gently disconnect the wires and connectors from the old thermostat.
6. Remove the Old Thermostat. You may need to remove screws, clips, or brackets securing the old thermostat in place. Carefully remove these components to access the thermostat.
7. Install the New Thermostat. Position the new thermostat in the same location as the old one and secure it with screws, clips, or brackets.
8. Reconnect Wiring. Reattach the wires and connectors to the corresponding terminals on the new thermostat.
9. Reassemble the Control Panel. Reattach the control panel cover or housing, securing it with screws or clips.
10. Plug in the Refrigerator. After securely connecting the wiring and installing the new thermostat, plug the refrigerator back in or turn it on.
11. Set and Test the Thermostat. Adjust the thermostat to your desired temperature setting. It may take some time for the refrigerator to reach and stabilize at the desired temperature.

Repair Instructions:

The main control board oversees the refrigerator's temperature by powering components to maintain cooling. However, it is often misdiagnosed as faulty when an individual part malfunctions. First test components like fans, valves and thermistors for proper operation. Only replace the main board after verifying these parts function normally. The board relies on them to regulate temperatures. A failed part will impair the board's temperature control, appearing as a board issue. But replacing the board without testing parts first results in unnecessary replacements when the true issue is a separate failed component.

How to Replace Refrigerator Main Control Board

1. Safety Measures:

   • Start by unplugging the refrigerator to avoid any electrical mishaps during the replacement process.
   • Remove all items from the refrigerator and clear any obstacles that may impede access to the control board.

2. Locate the Control Board:

   • Refer to the user manual or search online for the precise location of the main control board in your specific refrigerator model.
   • Typically, the control board is positioned behind the control panel or at the back of the refrigerator.

3. Remove the Control Panel:

   • Using an appropriate screwdriver, carefully detach the control panel from the refrigerator's exterior.
   • Ensure to keep track of the screws and store them in a secure place to prevent misplacement.

4. Disconnect Wires and Remove the Old Control Board:

   • Identify the wires connected to the control board and note their positions.
   • Gently disconnect the wires by sliding off the connectors or using pliers, depending on the type of connection.
   • Remove the old main control board from its housing by carefully pulling it out.

5. Install the New Control Board:

   • Place the new control board into the designated slot, ensuring a snug and secure fit.
   • Reconnect the wires to the corresponding terminals by firmly pressing them into place.

6. Replace the Control Panel:

   • Reattach the control panel by aligning it with the appropriate slots and securely tightening the screws.
   • Confirm that the panel is properly secured and tightly in place.

7. Restore Power and Test:

   • Plug the refrigerator back into the power source.
   • Set the refrigerator to the recommended settings and monitor its performance over the next few hours.
   • Ensure that the control board is effectively managing the refrigerator's functions and that it is operating as expected.

8. Clean Up:

   • Dispose of any packaging from the new control board and return the refrigerator's contents to their original positions.
   • Wipe down the area to eliminate any dust or debris that may have accumulated during the replacement process.

9. Final Check:

   • Double-check all connections and ensure that the control panel is securely fastened.
   • Confirm that the refrigerator is functioning smoothly and that the new main control board has resolved any previous issues.

Always refer to the specific user manual for your refrigerator model and consider seeking professional assistance if you are uncertain about the replacement process.

Repair Instructions:

The compressor pumps and compresses refrigerant through the cooling coils. If it fails, the refrigerator won't cool properly. However, compressors rarely malfunction. First verify fans, thermistors, and control boards that commonly fail are operating normally. Only after confirming the proper operation of other components should compressor testing occur. Use a multimeter to check the resistance of the compressor wiring pins. Since the sealed system contains refrigerant under pressure, compressor replacement must be performed by a licensed technician. Don't assume the compressor is faulty without first testing the more failure-prone parts it relies on. This prevents unnecessary compressor replacement when another component is the real issue.

Repair Instructions:

The refrigerator control board is the electronic control center that regulates the temperature settings and controls the various components responsible for cooling the refrigerator and freezer. It receives input from the thermostat and adjusts the operation of the compressor, evaporator fan motor, defrost heater, and other parts accordingly. If the control board malfunctions or fails, it can no longer properly direct the refrigerator's cooling system to maintain the correct temperatures in the fresh food and freezer compartments. This can result in the freezer temperature gradually rising above freezing. If the control board is defective, it may incorrectly stop the compressor from running long enough to lower the freezer temperature as needed. Or it could fail to activate the defrost cycle, allowing excessive frost buildup on the evaporator coils which reduces cooling efficiency.

Repair Instructions:

The door gasket is a rubber seal that runs around the perimeter of the refrigerator or freezer door. Its purpose is to create an air-tight seal when the door is closed so that cold air does not escape from the refrigerator or freezer compartment. If the door gasket becomes warped, cracked, or torn, it may no longer seal properly against the body of the refrigerator when the door is closed. This allows cold air to leak out around the door each time it is opened. Over time, this constant loss of cold air prevents the freezer from maintaining the below-freezing temperatures needed to keep food frozen solid.

How to Replace a Refrigerator Door Gasket

1. Remove the Old Gasket. Open the refrigerator door and locate the screws or retaining clips securing the gasket to the door. Use a screwdriver to remove the screws or carefully release the clips.

2. Peel Off the Old Gasket. Carefully peel the old gasket away from the refrigerator door. If the gasket is stuck, you can use a hairdryer or heat gun to soften the gasket and make removal easier.
3. Clean the Door Surface. Wipe down the area where the old gasket was attached with a mild cleaning solution. Ensure it's free from any debris or residue.
4. Install the New Gasket. Align the new gasket with the door's edges, starting at one corner. Press the gasket firmly into place, following the path of the original gasket.
5. Secure the Gasket. Reattach the screws or clips that hold the gasket in place, making sure the gasket is snugly fitted against the door. Be cautious not to overtighten screws, as this could damage the gasket.
6. Check for Proper Seal. Close the refrigerator door and inspect the gasket to ensure it creates a proper seal. You should not see any gaps or feel air escaping when the door is closed.

Repair Instructions:

The reversing valve controls refrigerant flow between the refrigerator and freezer evaporators in a dual evaporator system. It switches direction to alternate cooling cycles between the two compartments. If the valve fails, it can disrupt temperatures in both sections. Only an EPA-certified technician should replace the reversing valve. 

Repair Instructions:

Check that the freezer temperature is set between 0-5°F (-18 to -15°C) and the refrigerator between 34-40°F (1-5°C). If set incorrectly, adjust both to the recommended ranges. Allow 24 hours after resetting for the new temperatures to stabilize. Incorrect temperature settings are a common cause of cooling issues.